Ibyingenzi byo gucukura kuzenguruka
Gutobora icyerekezo cya horizontal ntabwo ari ikintu gishya. Abantu bacukuye amariba hashize imyaka irenga 8000 kugirango amazi yubutaka ahantu hashyushye kandi humye, gusa ntabwo ari PDC bits na moteri yicyondo nkuko tubikora uyumunsi.
Hariho ibintu byinshi ugomba gusuzuma muguhitamo uburyo bwo gucukura. Aya magambo nukuri cyane mugihe urimo gutobora ubushakashatsi cyangwa kugenzura amanota. Abashoramari benshi naba injeniyeri ba peteroli mubisanzwe bahitamo gucukura inyuma kuko bitanga inyungu nyinshi kurenza ubundi buryo bwo gucukura.
Mbere yo kwerekana ibyiza byo gucukura inyuma, reka dusobanure icyo aricyo kumashusho asobanutse.
Gucukura kuzenguruka ni iki?
Gusubira inyuma kuzenguruka ni uburyo bwo gucukura bukoresha guhinduranya kuzenguruka PDC bits, n'inkoni zifite inkuta ebyiri kugirango ugere ku gucukura no gukusanya icyitegererezo. Urukuta rw'inyuma rufite imiyoboro y'imbere ituma ibice bisubizwa inyuma nkuko inzira yo gucukura ikomeza.
Kuzenguruka gusubira inyuma biracyemerera kwifungisha umwobo ariko bitandukanye no gucukura diyama kuko ikusanya ibiti aho kuba urutare. Imyitozo ikoresha ibice bidasanzwe byizunguruka bitwarwa na pisitori isubirana piston cyangwa inyundo.
Ibice byinyuma byimyitozo ikozwe muri tungsten, ibyuma, cyangwa guhuza byombi kuko bifite imbaraga zihagije zo guca no kumenagura urutare rukomeye. Binyuze muri piston yacyo, inyundo irashobora gukuraho urutare rwajanjaguwe, hanyuma igashyikirizwa hejuru n'umwuka uhumanye. Umwuka uhuha annulus. Ibi bitera ihinduka ryumuvuduko uva mukuzenguruka kwinyuma, utanga ibice hejuru yigituba.
Gucukura kuzenguruka ni byiza cyane mu gutoranya ibintu byo munsi y'ubutaka kugirango bisesengurwe kandi bigamije kubaka.
Noneho ko uzi icyo aricyo, reka turebe bimwe mubyiza byo gucukura kuzenguruka.
Nibyiza Kubona Ingero Zanduye
Imyitozo yo kuzenguruka ikuraho ikuraho kwanduza kwanduye kwamabuye iyo igeze hejuru, kuko ibiti byanyuze mumiyoboro y'imbere ifunze kandi ifungura imwe gusa hejuru yicyitegererezo. Urashobora rero, gukusanya umubare munini wubuziranenge bwo hejuru bwo gusesengura.
Igipimo cyinjira cyane
Impinduka zidasanzwe zo kuzenguruka zirakomeye cyane kuruta kurangiza bisanzwe kubera inama ya tungsten-ibyuma. Imyitozo yo kuzenguruka isubira inyuma ikora ku buryo bwihuse kandi igarura ibice mugihe cyanditse. Umuvuduko unyuzamo ibice bisubizwa hejuru birashobora kugaragara byoroshye kuri metero 250 kumasegonda
Guhindagurika mubihe bibi
Gucukura kuzenguruka ntabwo ari inzira igoye kandi ntibisaba amazi menshi. Iyi mikorere ituma uburyo bwo kuzenguruka bugenda neza ndetse no ahantu usanga amazi ari make nkibice binini byo hanze cyangwa igice cyumutse.
Ntibihendutse
Gucukura kuzenguruka inyuma birahenze cyane, ugereranije no gucukura diyama. Ntabwo ari ukubera igiciro cyagabanutse cyo gukora, ariko nanone kubera igihe gito bifata kugirango urangize gucukura. Muri rusange, gucukura kuzenguruka birashobora gutwara amafaranga agera kuri 40% ugereranije no gucukura bisanzwe. Niba urimo gucukura ahantu hamwe nubutaka bubi, ikiguzi-cyiza gishobora no gukuba kabiri.
Guhinduranya Kuzenguruka Kugenzura Impamyabumenyi
Ubwiza bw'icyitegererezo bwabonetse ni ingenzi cyane muri gahunda iyo ari yo yose y'ubushakashatsi kugira ngo hakorwe igenamigambi ry'amabuye y'agaciro cyangwa gushyira ibisasu. Kugenzura amanota nibyo bikoreshwa mugusobanura ibibujijwe hamwe namabuye y'agaciro. Guhinduranya kuzenguruka ni byiza kugenzura amanota kuko:
- Birasaba gukora bike ugereranije nubundi buryo
- Ibyitegererezo byabonetse nta byanduye
- Ihindukire vuba
- Ingero zabonetse zirashobora kujyanwa muri laboratoire kugirango isesengurwe
Ikintu cyingenzi cyane mubikorwa byo guhindagura ingendo ni uburyo bwo gutema. Uburyo bwinshi burashobora gukoreshwa mugusubiramo ibyitegererezo, ariko intego nyamukuru nukubona urugero rwiza rushoboka mugihe gito.
Niba ukeneye serivise zogusubira inyuma, ibuka gushaka gusa abanyamwuga babifitemo uruhushya bazi inzira zabo zinyuranye kandi bazi neza inzira zitandukanye. Saba ko bakoresha gusa ubuziranenge bwemeweguhinduranya kuzenguruka PDC bitskugirango wirinde gutinda guturuka kumyitozo yamenetse. Hanyuma, burigihe menya neza ko inzira yo gucukura yubahiriza ibipimo byashyizweho by ibidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-28-2023